Spring wheat cultivation intensification in the agricultural territory of Siberia

The purpose of the study is to analyze the bioclimatic and soil conditions, the characteristics of agriculture for the further intensification of the cultivation of grain crops in the agricultural territory of Siberia. Objects and methods of research: agroecological monitoring, which makes it possible to analyze the agricultural territory of Siberia on the basis of statistical, cartographic, literary materials and the results of our own research. The scientific analysis was carried out on the basis of materials from the laboratory of varietal agrotechnologies of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture of the Federal Research Center of the Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Innovation Laboratory "Ecological Monitoring of Agricultural and Forest Crops" at the Institute of Agroecological Technologies of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. The agricultural territory of the Siberian region is distinguished by the severity of the continental climate, changeability and instability of weather conditions. The main soils of agricultural regions are podzolized, ordinary and leached chernozems, which make it possible to cultivate a wide range of grain crops. During the growing season, the sum of active temperatures above 10 °C is: in the northeastern regions - 1600 °C, and in the southern and southwestern plains it increases to 2200 °C. This amount of heat is sufficient for growing spring wheat. There is a decrease in the amount of precipitation in an easterly direction. Over 80 % of the agricultural territory of Siberia is located in the zone of risky farming. Therefore, the improvement and introduction of new elements into farming systems should be considered as the basis for the technological innovation component of the conservation and reproduction of agricultural soil fertility. The basis of modern technology is the rational tillage, the effective use of plant protection products in the system of adaptive crop rotations.