Intensive cultivation of grape plants on sandy soils

The purpose of the research was the development and application of technical regulations for grape plantings in the conditions of the Chechen Republic. The results of the researches of 2005-2015 on intensive conducting grape plantings on sandy soils of the Chechen Republic were presented. Optimum requirements to soils, their contents, prelanding preparation of the soil, varieties, terms, depth, the scheme and ways of plantation, the system of protective measures and fertilizers, formation and cutting of a bush, irrigation of vineyards and the ways of harvesting are by practical consideration defined. Special attention was paid to the fertilization of grapes and various dosages of fertilizers as sandy soils of the Chechen Republic were often characterized by the minimum contents not only basic nutrition elements, but also macro- and microelements. As a result of the research of the complex of fertilizers it was established that the option with introduction on sandy soils of root top dressing by the N90P90K90 fertilizers + a.i./hectare Co(NO3)2 + 2 kg a.i./hectare H3BO3 + 3 kg a.i./hectare (NH4) 2MoO4 + 4 kg a.i./hectare MnSO4 + 6 kg a.i./hectare ZnSO4 to 1 kg showed the highest rates of survival and productivity of grape plants. In general in this option in plants better and quantitative indices (diameter of shoots, gain length, the area of a sheet surface etc.) were observed. Also, during special research, it was established that entering of manganese into the soil in a dose of 4 kg a.i./hectare had been the most effective in the phase of sap flow beginning. To increase the sugar content of berries and increase the synthesis of dyes, it is recommended to spray the bushes with a 0.03-0.05 % solution of ‘Hydrel’ and ‘Etrel’.