Introduction of ornamental plants as a vector of phytophagous invasion

One of the main vectors of invasion of alien species of pests of ornamental woody plants is planting material of forage plants. The large size of seedlings, the small size of adults and larvae of insects, the invisibility of oviposition, and a hidden lifestyle are factors in the successful entry of pests into new territories. Over the past 23 years, 36 species of phytophages new to Russia have been identified on the Black Sea coast alone. The most striking examples of the invasion of herbivorous insects in the south of the European part of Russia with introduced planting material for landscaping should be considered: boxwood moth Cydalima perspectalis, palm borer Paysandisia archon, red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, cypress rainbow borer Lamprodila festiva, Indian wax beetle Ceroplastes ceriferus, mulberry scale insect Pseudaulacaspis pentagona. The invasion vector for the cotton moth Haritalodes derogata remains unclear. An analysis of the fauna of countries importing planting material plays a significant role in predicting and preventing the importation of new species of herbivorous insects.