Использование генов углеводного обмена для улучшения качества клубней картофеля (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Автор: Слугина М.А., Кочиева Е.З.

Журнал: Сельскохозяйственная биология @agrobiology

Статья в выпуске: 3 т.53, 2018 года.

Бесплатный доступ

Картофель ( Solanum tuberosum L.) относится к важнейшим сельскохозяйственным культурам во всем мире. Ценные пищевые и технические качества клубней картофеля в основном определяются накоплением в них крахмала. Крахмал состоит из линейных и разветвленных полимеров (соответственно амилоза и амилопектин). Три основные задачи современной селекции картофеля, направленной на улучшение продовольственных качеств клубней, включают увеличение их крахмалистости, получение клубней с повышенным содержанием амилозы или амилопектина, а также ингибирование процесса холодового осахаривания. Современные молекулярные и биотехнологические методы (маркер-опосредованная селекция, получение трансгенных растений, геномное редактирование и т.п.) позволяют изменять желаемые признаки растений. Однако вне зависимости от используемого подхода основополагающий этап, определяющий успешный результат работы, - это правильный выбор гена-мишени, что, в свою очередь, требует детального понимания метаболических путей синтеза и распада целевого продукта в растительных тканях...

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Картофель, крахмал клубней, амилоза, амилопектин, холодовое осахаривание, углеводный метаболизм, ферменты углеводного метаболизма, аллельные варианты генов

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/142216548

IDR: 142216548 | DOI: 10.15389/agrobiology.2018.3.450rus

Список литературы Использование генов углеводного обмена для улучшения качества клубней картофеля (Solanum tuberosum L.)

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