Test modern varieties winter wheat in the Average Volga

The results of studies of environmental testing of new high-yielding varieties of winter wheat, selection of Samara Agricultural Research Institute in 2007-2009, cultivated on a clean pair in the rotation on black earth ordinary. We studied the following levels of mineral nutrition: natural, without fertilizer (control); start (common) dose of fertilizer for the harvest - 3.5-4.0 t / ha, the calculated dose - for the harvest of 4.0-4.5 t / ha. In studies in 2007, there was a spring drought (HTC May - 0.22), in 2008 and 2009. - Spring-summer (HTC in May-June - 0.45... 0.50). Under these conditions, the structure of the elements tours harvest the greatest impact on crop productivity in the years of research have the number of pro-efficiency stems per 1 m2 of the number and weight of grain from the ear. Out of the total biomass of grain an average of options amounted to 35,1-42,1%, with the maximum rates on the varieties of turquoise and Santa 41,5-42,1%. When starting doses of fertilizers this figure, compared with the control is not changed. When the calculated doses grain yield decreased to 33,3-40,9%. In an increasingly arid climate newly created grade malachite, Candle, Turquoise, Santa and Samkras, compared with 380 grade Bezenchukskaya, increase grain yield, cost of production, and the stored energy in the crop at 23-35,5%, which enhances the effectiveness of these varieties and the prospect of their cultivation in the Samara region. When applying fertilizer yield increase was 9,0-19,9%. The highest net profit in the conventional beam-shih productive varieties of turquoise and malachite installed on version with starting doses -7061,4-7324,7 rubles / ha. Maximum energy efficiency ratio identified in the form without making fertilizer - 3,34-4,48 units.