The study of the lipid composition of fruits of representatives of the genus Rubus and evaluation of the prospects for their application in food technologies

Fatty acid composition of saponified lipid frac-tion of pips of fruits of stone bramble rocky (Rubus saxatilis L.) and squat cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.) was investigated. Allocation of lipids from fruits was carried out by the method of Blaya and Dayer by mix of solvents of chloroform-isopropanol in the ratio 1:2 according to the vol-ume. The extracts of lipids were investigated by the method of hromato-mass spectrometry. The analy-sis was carried out on the gas-liquid chromatograph «Agilent Technologies» of Hyulett-Pakkard firm (USA) model 6890N with the mass and selective detector model 5973. The research of chemical composition testified about a high oil content of pips, sort Rubus berries, quantity of lipids in pip bramble of 13.44 % in terms of solid and in cloud-berries of 12.32 %. Low-molecular components with the number of atoms of carbon from 10 to 13 were found in both types in small quantities. In lipid fraction of pips of both types of C16 and S18 of acid were presented palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic acids. Fatty acids among long-chain (C≥20) in the lipid fraction of the pips of ber-ries were arachidic (C20:0), eicosenoic (C20:1), behenic (C22:0) and lignoceric (C24:0). The content of saturated fatty acids in the rocky stone bramble was 6.21 %; in cloudberry it was 23.99 %. Saponified lipids were characterized by a high de- gree of unsaturation: the total content of unsaturat-ed fatty acids in the pips of rocky stone bramble was 93.72 % of the amount of fatty acids in the pips of the cloudberry 76.01 %, the unsaturation ratio was 15.10 and 3.17, respectively. The composition of monounsaturated fatty acids of both species was dominated by oleic acid; the amount was 18.23 % in the pips of rocky stone bramble and 19.36 % in the pips of the cloudberry. High content of linoleic acid, in the pips of rocky stone bramble it was 61.39 % of the amount of fatty acids in the seeds of the cloudberry was at 27.72 %, and linolenic acid in the amount of 12.51 % of the amount of fatty acids (bone rocky stone bramble) and 24.31 % (pips of cloudberries. Pips of fruits of stone bramble (Rubus Saxatilis L.) and cloudberries stocky (Rubus chamaemorus L.) it was possible to consid-er as perspective oil-containing raw materials and to recommend for production of fat oils.