Research of parameters of synthesis of biofuel under the influence of ultrasonic

The use of biodiesel as an additive to the presence is one of the prospects for the development of renewable energy sources in the territories. For the intensification of technological processes in various fields of science and technology, the ultrasonic cavitation effect is very widely used. The purpose of this study is to select the optimal synthesis parameters (synthesis time, catalyst mass, alcohol mass) of biodiesel during processing on an ultrasound machine. Biofuels were synthesized from vegetable oils in the presence of alcohol and an alkaline homogeneous catalyst using high-frequency sound waves in a Qsonicasonicators Q700 unit with a mechanical oscillation frequency of 20 kHz and a maximum consumption of 700 watts. The central composite plane of the second order with the number of experiments in the center of the plane equal to 4 and the star-shaped arm for the three-factor experiment α=1,414 was chosen as the experimental plane. For the optimization criterion, the obtained glycerin mass was taken. The initial factors of the process under study are taken (synthesis time x1, alcohol weight x2, and catalyst weight x3). The use of ultrasonic vibrations has a positive effect on the synthesis of biofuels from vegetable oils. As a result of solving the obtained regression equation, it was found that the optimal values of the synthesis parameters for achieving the set value of the glycerol phase are the synthesis time of 40-112 seconds; the alcohol concentration of 15-23%; the catalyst concentration of 0,8-1,6%. Thus, ultrasound will reduce the reaction time and reduce the number of initial reagents.