The lower Paleolithic investigation in Western Caspian region (materials of Darvagchai-zaliv-4 site)

The article presents the preliminary results, available from the field research of the Lower Paleolithic cultural chronological complex of the Darvagchai-zaliv-4 site. The stationary archaeological research was realized in 2014-2015, the entire excavated area totals 47 m 2. Obtained stone collection is small in number quantity, but very illustrative, and includes the artifacts confined to two lithological masses (layers 3 and 5) and evidences the presence of complete lithic assemblage, common to full-fledged Lower Paleolithic stone industries. The description and analysis of stratigraphic profile and stone tool collection of the Lower Paleolithic complex from the Darvagchai-zaliv-4 site lie at the centre of this article. Based on stratigraphic and spatial data along with criterion of artifact surface preservation it is possible to conclude that found stone tools have been moved over a minimal distance in post-sedimentological period. On technicalities, the both pebble complexes are not differ from each other. The industry of these complexes have to be considered as a whole that results from proxy indicators: tool types and shapes, techniques of flaking and secondary treatment, stratigraphic position. The slight typological formalization and high variability of core and tool forms characterize the Lower Paleolithic complex of Darvagchai-zaliv-4 site. Morphologically complete cores are very rare. Smashing was widely used for blank production. The number of functional tool types are not numerous and presented by scraper-like, spicular, notched and combination tools. Darvagchai-zaliv-4 site is perspective as for further research of Lower Paleolithic industries in this region well as for determining when they appeared and what place they took up among the other Lower Paleolithic complexes of the Caucasus.