Galéga orientális mixed and single-variety crops study in humid zone landscapes

The purpose of the study is to assess the productivity and nutritional value of forage agrophytocenoses of the hay type using new varieties of galéga orientális on the drained lands of the humid zone. Research studied forage agrocenoses of the haymaking type based on new varieties of the galéga orientális. Over 2015–2019 in the the humid zone, the most productive grass stands, their morphometric parameters and competitive abilities of the studied grasses were determined. In mixed crops, the yield of hay grass stands was in the range of 5.4–8.0 t / ha of dry weight. The maximum yield of hay (6.6–8.0 t / ha) was obtained on gley soil when growing a mixture of galéga orientális varieties Krivich + canary grass + awnless brome grass + meadow timothy. The yield of fodder units according to the variants of the experiment was distributed from 4.7 to 6.8 thousand / ha. Protein saturation of herbage in single-species crops of galéga orientális averaged 16.7–18.4 %, and in a mixture with cereal grasses – 12.0–15.0 %. The weediness of crops was reduced when the galéga orientális was cultivated in a mixture with sown grasses, such as canary grass, awnless brome grass, meadow timothy. The galéga orientális variety Krivich had the greatest competitiveness in herbage, in pure sowing it accounted for 66.9–82.6 %, in a mixture with cereal grasses 24.5–32.1 %. The experimental data obtained show that the galéga orientális has a high leafiness of 48.0–56.9 %. Herbs based on it intensively accumulated green mass, provided a consistently high yield during the entire observation period. The dynamics of shoot formation in legume grass stands showed that the density of the herbage of the galéga orientális, on average, over five years of use, varied from 36 pcs / m2 in mixed crops to 166 pcs / m2 in single variety crops. Mixed sowing of legumes and cereals made it possible to obtain a feed balanced in the sugar protein ratio.