History of customs activity in the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

The article deals with the history of customs activity in the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic through 1928 to 1932. We have analyzed the key changes in the foreign policy of the Soviet state, the strengthening of the Soviet governing bodies in the republic, which significant influenced the socio-economic policy and foreign economic relations with Mongolia. The article considers the improvement of legislative framework in the relation to the customs system, which made it possible to regulate the work of the Main Customs Administration. The study of the historical experience of the development of customs in the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic seems to be relevant and important for historical science. The late 1920s and early 1930s were hard time for the development of customs structures in the republic. The downturn of new economic policy, the beginning of industrialization and collectivization led to a tightening of measures in domestic policy, while the conflict on the Chinese Eastern Railway created tension in foreign policy. All that driven the need on increasing the border protection by the Soviet authorities, strengthening customs authorities, including those on the border with Mongolia. The article considers the main customs stations in the BMASSR with Mongolia - Kyakhta and Monda customs. We have analyzed the key economic activity of stations, their role in the export and import of goods passing through the Monda and Kyakhta customs during the period under consideration, and the efficiency of their activity. The source base of the research includes the materials of the State Archive of the Republic of Buryatia, laws and regulations, office documentation, statistical materials. The study of archival documents, published and unpublished sources allowed us to consider the customs policy of the Soviet state in the late 20s and early 30s of the 20th century, and to study the historical experience of developing customs authorities in the Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.