The history of studying Scythian-Saka epoch caparison of East Kazakhstan nomads

Purpose : Nowadays studying the horse equipment of East Kazakhstan early is an important task, which is complemented the characteristic culture of the Scythian-Saka time. The complex of horse equipment history study of Scythian-Saka epoch, adhering to the cultural and chronological order is considered in the course of solving this problem in the historio-graphical aspect. Results : The results is included the period of transition from bronze to iron era (IX-VIII centuries BC) and the final stage of the Pazyryk culture (IV-III centuries BC) that defines ethnic communication and intercultural relations with neighboring tribes regions. On the one hand accumulation of archaeological material and improving the methodology allowed to confirm the conventional scheme of cultural and historical development of the East Kazakhstan Scythian- Saka time, on the other hand, identification to concrete solutions to complex cultural relations groups of the time. In particular, we distinguish the genetic connection between culture of the Bronze Age and the early Scythian time Eastern Kazakhstan with the cultures of other regions of Kazakhstan, Western Siberia, as well as Minusinskaya Basin, Tuva cultures with Kazakhstan, Mongolia and Xinjiang. The initial stages of the culture of early nomads in these areas can be fixed as local components and borrowed that perhaps indicates multi-ethnicity of population, consequently, and the existence of short period of time of several cultural groups in the same territory is sufficiently defined. Unfortunately, horse equipment practically is hardly used, and obseques is often considered only in contrastive-comparative level in solution of question of early nomad's culture genesis. Also understudied of the region as compared with adjacent territories and the lack of complex study does not give the full picture at this stage. The article also includes unpublished material from the saddlery with emergency mound in Gerasimovka (2005), which is largely complementary excavation materials from previous years. Conclusion : The Age of the early nomads in the mountain-steppe regions of East Kazakhstan, which is characterized by dynamic variability of horse horness that largely determines the structural cyclicity in the cultures development, the study of which is important for understanding the origins and nomadic ways of forming the Eurasian continent. Improving the management riding horse is required optimal functional value saddlery, as evidenced by the rapid development of horse equipment in Scythian-Saka time. It is known that the bulk of the early Scythian burials with horse harness in East Kazakhstan date back to the VII century BC. Typically, they contain relatively poor standard material, therefore can be dated to the broad framework, including the finale early Saka epoch. We can assume that early Scythian burial in East Kazakhstan are significant differences between them, which are marked between objects within repositories. Reasons for diversity and instability funeral rituals are rooted in the geographical location of the region, which was the contact zone.