Migration exchange history: Germany - Russia (1990s)

Introduction. The article shows that at the present stage, as in the 1990s, Germany maintains the status of the leading migration recipient of the Russian Federation. The population of the Russian Federation has been reduced due to a negative natural increase since 1992, and migration losses have been added to these demographic losses, although not as significant, but qualitatively more painful, since the population of working age traveled. The Federal Republic of Germany placed a special stake on the Russian Germans - returning them to their historic homeland, although a significant proportion of Russians were present in the migration flow (especially in the late 1990s). Methods. In the article used a system analyze, comparative approach and statistic analyze of demographic processes. Results. Revealed the motives that guided traveling: socio-economic tensions in Russia, job search in a prosperous Germany. The motives of emigration behavior are shown: until the end of the 1980s they were predominantly ethnic and political in nature (departure of the Russian Germans), in the 1990s there is a shift in favor of economic and social relocation. For ethnic Germans, the desire to reunite with relatives is one of the main reasons. Represented by the age and sex composition of migrants in Germany in comparison with age and gender, traveling to Israel. Comparative binary analysis is determined by the fact that Israel was also one of the main recipients of Russian migration. Conclusions. Strategies for the potential earnings of migrants in recipient countries are fundamentally different: the mood for self-employment in Israel is much higher than in Germany.