The history of the emergence of algebra as a science

The article considers algebra as part of mathematics, which, along with arithmetic and geometry, is among the oldest branches of this science. Algebra was preceded by arithmetic as a collection of gradually accumulated practical rules for solving everyday everyday problems. Arithmetic and simple algebra were used in the exchange of money and settlements for goods, in the calculation of simple and compound interest, taxes, and the share of the crop that was handed over to the state, church, or landowner. Numerous arithmetic and geometric problems arose in connection with the construction of canals, granaries and other public works. In the process of development, algebra from the science of equations was transformed into the science of operations similar to operations on numbers.