Historiography of government custody for teachers (on the example of the Ufa province of 1865-1917)

The study is devoted to the historiography of the problem of government custody for teachers in Ufa province (1865-1917), it covers the analysis of approaches of the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet periods. Particular attention is given to the works of pre-revolutionary scholars such as K.D. Ushinsky, S.V. Rozhdestvensky, and N.I. Pirogov, as well as Soviet and modern researchers who have examined educational reforms and the organization of school districts. A special place is occupied by the study of the role of trustees, whose activities contributed to the creation of conditions for the professional growth of teachers, improving their social status and ensuring a favorable educational environment. The work identifies key trends, gaps and contradictions in the study of the topic, emphasizing the importance of government guardianship in strengthening the educational system, improving the quality of teacher training and the implementation of state educational policy.