From the history of the formation of criminal investigation in Donbass (1900-1917)

Introduction: at all stages of national history, the criminal police units occupied and still occupy a dominant place in the system of internal affairs bodies. The appeal to the historical experience of the formation and activities of the detective police as a specialized body of criminal investigation of the police service on the territory of the Donetsk coal basin acquires special scientific and practical relevance, allowing to reveal the prerequisites for the creation of units of this service in the region, analyze their financial and staffing, features of combating crime in the local measurement. The purpose of the article is to study the aspects and patterns of the formation and development of criminal investigation in the early twentieth century. on the territory of Donbass, analysis of the organizational and legal framework for the activities of these units. Methods: the methodological basis of the research is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, including the method of historicism, the method of consistency, the method of analysis and the comparative legal method. Results: the article examines the most important normative legal acts of that time, the provisions of which affect the issues of improving the legal regulation of combating crime, as well as the organization of the work of detective (operational) departments of the internal affairs bodies. The main aspects and patterns of the formation and development of criminal investigation in the territory of Donbass at the beginning of the 20th centuryare revealed. Conclusions: formation of the criminal investigation service at the beginning of the twentieth century. in the pre-revolutionary Donbass took place in the conditions of a more complicated operational situation, taking into account the specifics of the ongoing socio-economic processes, the features of the industrial development of a large industrial region. On the example of Donbass, the article shows the dependence of the growth of the effectiveness of the fight against crime on the level of legal regulation of these social relations, the successful organization of the work of criminal investigation.