Role and place of sums in process of teaching mathematics within the XVIII - XXI centuries period

The article shows the changes of the role of sums in the process of teaching mathematics since the XVIII till the XXI centuries. It considers social and economic events happened in Russia from the point of view of their influence on the roles and the place of mathematic sums in process of teaching mathematics. It gives a short review and analysis of major reforms of Russian education from the standpoint of the researched issue.