In vitro study of the hypericum maculatum morphogenetic potential

The purpose of research is to increase the efficiency of microclonal propagation of Hypericum maculatum by direct organogenesis by selecting the concentration of phytohormones and identifying morphogenetic features of the development of microshoots depending on the duration of cultivation. The objects of study were H. maculatum seeds collected from plants in the scientific collection of the Botanical Garden of the Institute of Biology, Komi Science Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. Preparation, sterilization of nutrient media, tools and seeds was carried out according to accepted recommendations. The data obtained indicate the possibility of growing this species of Hypericum in vitro culture on the Murashige-Skoog medium (MS) with the addition of phytohormones at a certain concentration. Direct morphogenesis was obtained using seedlings without roots at the age of eighteen days. It has been shown that during five passages, a high multiplication factor of explants with a maximum height of emerging microshoots is maintained: the height of shoots reached the highest values by the end of the second passage and continued to be maintained during the third to fifth passages; growth and development slowed down in the sixth passage. It was found that the introduction of low concentrations of 6-BAP (0.1 ml/l) with IAA (0.1 ml/l) into the MS nutrient medium contributed to minimal budding with a maximum yield of morphologically normal shoots (up to 46 shoots) without the need for a phase elongation. At a high concentration of BAP (1 mg/l), a green callus was formed over the entire surface of the seedling, followed by the formation of shoots. As a result of research, an effective scheme of microclonal reproduction of H. maculatum by direct organogenesis was developed and the duration of cultivation of explants was revealed, which makes it possible to obtain the largest number of microplants.