The study of indicators describing mitochondrial dysfunction in cows under the influence of stress factors

The article presents the results of research of biochemical parameters confirming mitochondrial dysfunction in cows, which continue for 21 days under the sensitized effect of the stress factors accompanying the technology, and diagnosing the state of adaptive stress (in terms of MDA, cortisol, and cortisol/insulin ratio). The work was performed in the period from 2018 to 2024 on the basis of the industrial complex of OOO "Maslovo" and in the laboratory conditions of the Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry named after Professor N.E. Pavlovskaya and in the conditions of the INIC of the Oryol State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhina. The object of the research was Holstein cows kept in stressful conditions of the industrial complex of OOO "Maslovo". The authors studied malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator used to diagnose mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, during the 21st day of the research, a significantly increased level of MDA was observed in the blood serum of cows (5.4-9.5 times higher than normal) and a decrease in the content of ceruloplasmin relative to the reference values (by 0.12-0.79 mmol/l). The state of tension (stress) was determined by the cortisol/insulin index, which by the 21st day of the research was 1.11± 0.11, which corresponds to a high state of tension and a low adaptive reserve in the cows studied.