Studying the influence of integumentary cultures on the productivity and efficiency of long-term grasses in the conditions of the Republic of Tuva

The results of the researches on studying the influence of integumentary and coverless ways of perennial grasses seeding on dark-chestnut soil in the conditions of the Republic of Tuva were submitted. The researches were conducted during vegetation seasons of 2018-2019. The experiment on studying the ways of seeding of perennial grasses was incorporated in 2018 on test and experimental field FSBSI "Tuvinian SRIA". The objects of the researches were perennial grasses: lucerne, sainfoin and rump. As integumentary cultures annual cereal cultures served: millet, oat, barley, sudanese. In the first year of life of grasses the productivity of green weight was generated by integumentary cultures. The share of participation of integumentary cultures in addition of the herbage made from 78.2 % up to 91.0 %. The maximal productivity of green weight was marked in the crops sainfoin under sudanese (18.35 t/hectare). In the second year of life of grasses lucerne + sainfoin + rump (14.03 t/hectare) showed the greatest productivity of grass mixture. The productivity of coverless and integumentary grasses was leveled. The greatest total efficiency for 2 years was received in sainfoin: gathering of dry matter from hectare made 15.18 t/hectare, fodder units - 14.95 thousand, exchange energy - 251.43 GJ/hectare. It was revealed, that the most expedient had been crop of perennial grasses under the cover of annual cereal cultures to receive the crop in the year of seeding. For the second year of life irrespective of integumentary cultures perennial grasses developed well.