Language and culture of ethnos: dialectics of communication

The article is devoted to identifying the main lines of communication and interaction between the language and culture of the ethnic group. The author dwells on some postulates of a general theoretical nature, correlating language and culture (material and spiritual). In this regard, a number of linguistic works carried out in line with the culturological and cognitivist approach are being updated. After considering the practice of studying verbal taboos, color designations, and some other phenomena, a conclusion was made about the effectiveness of the logical-semantic approach to the problem of relations between the language and culture of an ethnic group. It is shown that this approach reveals many linguistic phenomena that have a distinct cognitive basis, due to the way of life of the ethnic group, its mentality. These are not only individual words (or lexical groups), but also phraseological combinations, proverbs, sayings, other idioms, as well as grammatical forms, constructions and models. The statement about the inseparable connection between ethnic culture and language is based on the fact of the presence of a large number of linguistic phenomena that reflect the methods and results of human cognition, phenomena due to the specifics of the way of life and certain features of the worldview.