Language of modern information and psychological warfare (based on the opposition publications of Russian media)

The article examines the opposition Russian media (Novaya Gazeta, Nastoyashchee Vremya). The analysis identifies various linguistic techniques and means used by these media as a tool for manipulating mass consciousness, including manipulative headlines, evaluative epithets, nominations with negative evaluative connotations, political labels, stylistic tropes and figures, question-and-answer constructions and rhetorical questions, and the use of quotation marks. The study concludes that exploring the linguistic aspects of information and psychological warfare is both relevant and significant for the security of Russian society and the state, because understanding the mechanisms of manipulative influence in an increasingly aggressive environment is essential to counter psychological and information warfare.