Effective increase in production crops of soybeans in the Orel region with a high percentage of protein and fat in soybeans

This article presents the study of an effective increase in the production area under soybean crops in the conditions of the Oryol region, which have a high percentage of protein and fat in soybeans of two ripeness groups. Among leguminous crops, soybean should be noted as a high-protein agricultural crop. Soybean, due to its composition, is used in many industries. As a protein product, it is widely used in meat, fish, canning, baking and confectionery industries. Soybean oil is used in perfumery and cosmetics. Soybean is processed into feed for poultry and livestock. And it also serves as a raw material for household and building materials, such as paints, varnishes, drying oils, soaps and various types of glue. According to Rosstat, the Amur Region is the leader in the gross harvest of soybean in the Russian Federation in 2021 and amounts to 1145.2 thousand tons. The Oryol Region ranks 8th in this rating compared to other regions of the Russian Federation. The increase in the area under these crops is largely due to the development of the price environment and to the growth in demand for soybeans and their processed products as well. The cultivation of soybean is a real way to produce vegetable protein. When cultivating a crop, it is necessary to provide a variety change and a variety renewal in time to obtain high yields and beans with a high percentage of protein and fat. The use in production of such varieties and hybrids of the early ripeness group as Adsoy, Blestyatchaya, SK Doka, SK Farta, Shatilovskaya 17 and also the varieties and hybrids of the medium early ripeness group such as Wezelitsa and Soprano will increase the collection of vegetable protein, additional reserves for the production of vegetable oil. All this will improve not only economic efficiency, but also environmental sustainability of farming systems in the Oryol region and other regions of Central Russia. Based on the above, it can be concluded that soybean is the variety of the future. The production of soy grain will allow to achieve great results in soybean production and promote Russia to the first place in production of environmentally friendly products.