The efficiency of prognostic scales in stratification of acute pancreatitis. Literature review

The work carried out by analyzes of the literature data on assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis and predicting its course and mortality. A comparison of traditional point scales for assessing the severity of AP was made.As a result of a comparative analysis, it was found that the most objective instrumental method for diagnosing acute pancreatitis and its complications was MSCT with the determination of the CT index of severity. Balthazar scale allows assessing the severity of the disease and forming a prognosis for the development of complications. However, computed or magnetic resonance imaging with intravenous contrast enhancement allows an accurate assessment of the severity of the disease not earlier than 72 hours and has some contraindications.Estimating and predictive systems Ranson, APACHE, Krasnorogov, Bozhenkov systems, Pugaeva and Achkasova, BISAP and HAPS allow identyfying the severity of the clinical course of acute pancreatitis, have a high sensitivity, but at the same time require significant time and resources for execution. Glasgow-Imrie, SAPS, MODS, and SOFA scales mainly calculate mortality and degree of multiple organ failure in critically ill patients; these severity assessment systems are not specific for patients with acute pancreatitis.The optimal scale for assessing the severity of AP should allow assessing the patient's condition and prognosis from the moment of admission to the outcome of the disease. The practicing surgeon will be interested in an affordable, inexpensive, easy-to-use system for determining the severity of acute pancreatitis. For surgeons, the time factor plays a key role in determining tactics, and, therefore, improves the prognosis of the disease.