Efficiency of grain production in the region

In the article, based on the data from agricultural organizations producing grain in the region, a comparative analysis of grain yields in the Kursk region was carried out in the context of microzones and individual crops during 2016-2022. The distinctive features of the dynamics of the ratio of grain crop yields in the natural and climatic microzones of the Kursk region have been identified. Given the unstable ratio of yield in the Eastern microzone to the average yield, in retrospect it is below the regional average level. At the same time, there is a stable increase in grain yield in the Southwestern microzone, and a consistently lower level in the Northwestern microzone. It was concluded that in the region there was an increase in the efficiency of grain production during the analyzed period, due to a combination of production and climatic factors, while higher growth rates of sales revenue compared to production costs led to an increase in profit per 1 quintal grain and increasing production profitability. It has been established that the relationship between yield and profitability of production is valid only for the North-Western microzone. At the same time, in the Eastern microzone, with lower relative yields, production profitability is higher. The opposite situation is observed in the South-Eastern microzone, where, with higher yields than the regional average, the level of profitability corresponds to the regional average values. The directions for using the research results by government authorities in introducing programs for the development of grain production and by agricultural organizations in determining the optimal commodity and spatial structure of distribution of grain production are determined.