The efficiency of systematic application of the prolamine electrophoresis method in primary seed production of oats

When introducing a new variety into production, effective seed production is of particular importance, which allows showing its potential to greater extent. In addition to the generally accepted methods of primary seed production - field testing and ground varietal control - the methods of molecular and biochemical labeling, including the method of electrophoresis of storage alcohol-soluble proteins - prolamins, are becoming increasingly widespread. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effectiveness of regular use of the prolamine electrophoresis method in primary seed production of oats. The materials for the study were the families of oats of Otrada variety. The tests were performed from 2014 to 2018. As a result of the analysis of storage proteins of Otrada family in 2014, 35 different types of avenin spectra were identified. The basis of the variety consisted of the families with I and II biotypes, which were left for further reproduction. The content of varietal admixture in the analyzed material changed over time. In 2014, 24.19 % of families were classified as impure, and in 2018 - 6.18 % of families of biotype I and 2.63% of families of biotype II. The total number of the types of avenin spectra differing from the main biotypes of the Otrada variety decreased from 33 in 2014 to 2 and 0 for biotypes I and II in 2018, respectively. The number of families that were heterozygous for the component composition of avenin decreased from 15.55 % in 2014 to 6.18 and 2.11 % for biotypes I and II in 2018 respectively. The varietal impurity detected during electrophoretic analysis of spare proteins of the Otrada family was biological and occurred as a result of cleavage of residual heterozygotes. It was established that with regular use, the electrophoresis method allowed timely removal of varietal admixture and significantly improved the quality of primary seed production of the variety.