Efficiency of mixed crops cultivation on the basis of promising cultivars of pulse crops

The aim of the research is to study the productivity and nutritional value of mixed crops formed on the basis of promising cultivars of pulse crops. The method of research included the field experience of 2017-2019 on the experimental field of the Northwestern Research Institute for Dairy and Grassland Farming in the Vologda Oblast. The experience scheme included 10 options. The studies were conducted in accordance with the guidelines for conducting field experiments in the All-Russian Research Institute of Feed. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time in the conditions of the European North of the Russian Federation, grain mixtures created on the basis of promising cultivars of pulse crops with oats and annual ryegrass will be revealed in order to obtain sustainable yields of green mass. In 2017, the best yields were mixed crops of options 2, 7-10, which provided a significant increase in yield to control at the level of 0.94-2.75 t/ha, or 16.4-48.0%. Their productivity from 1 ha was 36.6-42.4 tons of green mass, 6.67-8.48 tons of dry matter, 0.48-0.73 tons of crude protein. In 2018, there were mixtures of 4-10 variants which provided an increase in yield by 11.3-27.9%. The productivity from 1 ha of these mixtures was 25.0-33.2 tons of green mass, 4.9-6.6 tons of dry matter, 0.37-0.63 tons of crude protein. In 2019, mixed crops provided the following productive indicators from 1 hectare: 14.9-23.6 tons of green mass, 3.36-5.24 tons of dry matter, 0.36-0.63 tons of crude protein. The best options were 7-10. They provided an increase in yield by 23.6-34.7%. The highest protein content in 2017 (13.6-15.1%) was obtained in options 4 and 5. In 2018, the highest protein content (9.5-10.7%) was in the plant mass of options 8 and 9, in 2019, the highest content of crude protein (12.2 and 12.0%) was in options 6 and 7. The composition of all these mixtures included spring vetch. The study results can be applied at agricultural enterprises of the European North of the Russian Federation.