Echocardiography in children, anthopometrical and age norms, comparative possibilities of three-dimensional echocardiography

The purpose of the present investigation was evaluation the diagnostic possibilities of one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiography in healthy children of different age, and also estimation of possibilities of individual forecasting parameters of echocardiography in change of anthropometrical data. On the basis of echo examination of 2650 children at the age from 1 day till 18 years the equations of linear regression allowing with accuracy of 80-97 % to carry out individual forecasting of values of volume and linear indicators of two-dimensional echocardiography with the use of anthropometrical data have been defined. It is shown, that use of the M-regime echocardiography is unacceptable for scoping of left ventricle is absolutely unacceptably in children at the age till 6 months, it is undesirable for children at the age till 7 years and gives an error to 124 %. In children aged till 6 months left ventricle was increased on a long axis and is less spheric in comparison with the senior age groups. It is established, that normative values end diastolic volume of the left ventricle (EDV) in children are not constant and increase twice at the age of 1-2 years in comparison with children who have not reached the age of 1 month. The long-term dynamic estimation of volumes of chambers of heart, the linear sizes and diameters of large vessels in children should be carried out not by use of "age norms», and with application of anthropometrical specifications. It is shown that use of five-chamber position of the image of left ventricle in children does not concede on accuracy to Simpson's two-projective method.