Economic efficiency of application of mineral fertilizers in field grain-park eight-pool crop rotation on ordinary chernozem in traditionaland resource-saving farming systems

The studies were carried out to improve the use of mineral fertilizers in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan, to determine economic indicators of the efficiency of using mineral fertilizers in grainbased eight-pool crop rotation, as well as in permanent crops of spring wheat under traditional and resource-saving farming systems. Field experiments were conducted in 2015-2017 on common chernozem of Kostanay Region. The provision with mobile phosphorus was average (the content of Р2О5 in the layer 0-20 cm80 mg/kg according to Chirikov), average - nitrogen (N-NO3 - 11.2), exchange potassium was high (К2О - 420 mg/kg, according to Chirikov), the content of humus - 5.4 %, pH (aqueous) - 6.6-7.0. The highest yield of spring wheat was obtained in bare fallow (17.8-22.8 c/hectare). At the same level was the yield of wheat by peas (17.7-21.6 c/hectare), the lowest - in permanent crops (13.0-18.6 c/hectare). The efficiency of application of mineral fertilizers in traditional technology of wheat cultivation becomes higher; the further from bare fallow was the culture in grain-park link. In zero treatment using fertilizers for bare fallow was no less effective than for other, non-fallow, precursors. The highest grain collection from 1 hectare of pasty (18.6 c/ hectare) in the experiment was obtained in permanent wheat crops with zero cultivation technology against the background of N30P20. The maximum net income from 1 hectare of crop rotation area (48674 tenge) was obtained on the background of zero technology of cultivation with joint application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (N30P20). This was 19 053 tenge/hectare or 64.3 % more than the yield of similar option of cultivation of permanent wheat.