Expression of transcription factors, vascular endothelial growth factor and activity of intracellular proteases in localized and disseminated kidney cancers

The aim of the study was to investigate the NF-κB, HIF-1 and VEGF expressions and the proteasome and calpain activities in localized and disseminated kidney cancers. Material: The study included 87 patients with clear cell kidney cancer. Transcription factors and VEGF expression were measured by ELISA kits. Proteasome and calpain activity was determined using specific fluorogenic substrate. Results. The increase of NF-κB, HIF-1 expression in cancer tissues is associated with the development of hematogenic metastasis. Coefficient NF-κB р65/р50, referred to the level of active transcription factor forms, had the wave-like pattern and was increased in cancer tissues with single metastases and decreased in cancer tissues with multiple ones. The same trend of VEGF changes was revealed in kidney tissues. The low proteasome activity in metastatic cancer tissues was observed. The changes in calpain activity had the same dynamics as the expression of NF-κB and VEGF. Conclusion. The changes in NF-κB, HIF-1transcription factors, VEGF growth factor expressions and protease activities that could regulate their level, in localized and disseminated kidney cancer tissue were revealed. Coefficient NF-κB р65/р50, VEGF expression and proteases activities could be the potential prognostic molecular markers of hematogenic metastasis development in kidney cancer.