Extralinguistic factors of Cumbria oiconymy formation of the XV-XVII centuries

The paper is devoted to the oiconymy formation processes of Cumbria, the north-west county of England. Oiconym is a place-name of any kind of settlement: a city, a town, a village, etc. The study of oiconyms has great importance as the oiconyms show an inconceivable survivability in the course of historical development and they have an inherent characteristic of keeping the relict information fixed in the appellatives of oiconymic etymons, which is lost in other strata of the vocabulary. Cumbria settlement names formation is analyzed on two levels: linguistic and extralinguistic ones. This article highlights an extralinguistic level of Cumbria oiconymy formation of the XV-XVII centuries.