Existential and reflexive foundations of understanding: the genesis of personal conceptualization

The study provides a philosophical analysis of the process of understanding which is interpreted by the author as a result of the inner effort of the subject. In turn, understanding serves as the basis for rethinking the personal existence by the subject. Understanding in the context of existential epistemology is regarded as a relevant and in-demand concept in the modern society that can be implemented in the growing information space. This approach is a universal formula of human spiritual development, a condition for the thought movement and overcoming the stagnant thinking. The concept of M. Heidegger and M.K. Mamardashvili is treated as the theoretical foundation of the ontology of understanding. Mamardashvili’s approach includes several procedures, i.e. acts that determine the process of understanding and bring it into the personal sphere. Accordingly, understanding is always a unique attitude of the subjects to something that becomes a part of their consciousness and requires comprehension. Despite the individualized process of understanding, its consequences are a prerequisite for the development of the spiritual sphere of society since the progress always involves movement from old to new, from less complex to more complex elements. The research stresses the importance of understanding for both the individual and society as a whole.