Electron-microscopic features of changes in the adrenal and thyroid glands in chronic hypoxia

The aim of the study was to study the characteristic features of ultrastructural changes in the cellular and extracellular matrix of the adrenal and thyroid glands in chronic hypoxia.Materials and methods. The study used the thyroid and adrenal glands of healthy adult male white rats weighing 180-200 g. The anatomical, histological, histochemical, electron microscopic and morphometric methods were used.Results. We found that the response of thyroid and adrenal cells to hypoxia is different. So, since the processes of proliferation in the cells of the thyroid gland occur faster and earlier, all tissues are restored on the 15th day of the experiment in the thyroid gland, and in the adrenal gland are restored only on the 30th day of the experiment. And this can be regarded as a higher degree of sensitivity of the adrenal glands to hypoxia, which is a stronger stress factor than the thyroid gland.Summary. The structures of the thyroid gland adapt to long-term hypoxia earlier, and responds to this with ultrastructural rearrangement - hyperplasia, hypertrophy and proliferation of thyrocytes.