Endometriosis associated infertility: versions and counterversions

Reproductive disorders rank as rather challenging problems in modern gynecology. At present, there is no unequivocal opinion and unified approaches to endometrial receptivity. The change in this complex process causes implantation disorders. The article provides up-to-date information on the molecular and genetic characteristics of the endometrium and on endometrium receptivity models. It also touches upon the pathogenesis of female infertility, associated with external genital endometriosis (EGE). Numerous foreign and domestic articles consider gene expression in endometriosis. According to the published data, the number of differentially expressed genes in endometriosis varies significantly. It has been proven that if mutations occur in a single gene, its function can still be performed due to compensatory mechanisms. Such compensation is provided by the work of signaling pathways cascades of protein-protein interactions that transmit signals inside the cell. It is known that the degree of activation of intracellular signaling pathways is a better marker of a pathological process than gene expression. Comparison of eutopic and ectopic endometrium is one of the promising lines of endometriosis research. It is revealed that the abovementioned endometrial samples are similar in morphological characteristics, but this fact has not led to the creation of a single diagnostic test. Thus, it is relevant to search for new statistically valid criteria for early diagnosis of endometriosis using minimally invasive or non-invasive research methods that would also allow predicting the disease recurrence and improve the quality of predicting endometriosis associated infertility.