Endomicroecology of human intestinal tract in ontogenesis

Based on the method of intestinal microbiota, which has been optimized by the authors and allows to distinguish and identify 5989 species of microorganisms using the mass spectrometry method, a database has been created for the results of bacteriological analyzes of human colon microbiocenoses. This data base provides the opportunity to perform synecological analysis of symbiotic microorganism communities in ontogenesis. In this paper, rank distributions, cluster analysis, classical indices of species diversity and multidimensional statistics methods are used to present synecological characteristics of colon microbiocenosis in 4078 “healthy” and “sick” people of different age groups. The process of colon microbiota formation in children of the first hours of life, as well as its features in other age groups, has been examined in detail and illustrated. It is proved that in the process of microbiota formation from the first hour of life, both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms participate to the equal extent. The anaerobic component grows in parallel with opportunistic microorganisms. It is shown that the total number of symbiotic microorganism communities present in the colon of healthy people in all age groups is 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than in sick people, except for the 60 years-old group and older groups. It is proved that all ecological laws and dependences, peculiar to other natural biotopes and populations, are also valid in relation to human microbiota. In addition, it is established that all identified regularities, typical for a part of the colon microbiota microbial community, are preserved and develop for the population as a whole.