Etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory of the pharyngeal tongal

There are works proving the role of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in the development of inflammation in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, larynx and middle ear. With GER, acidic chyme is thrown into various parts of the pharynx and reflux-induced damage to the upper respiratory tract (nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, various parts of the pharynx and middle ear. It was believed that hydrochloric acid causes protein denaturation and necrosis of the esophageal mucosa, however, recent studies show reflux of hydrochloric acid in combination with bile acids has the most damaging effect. A number of authors have suggested the possibility of intracellular penetration of bile acids, which have a cytotoxic and mutagenic effect. At the same time, the frequency of endoscopically confirmed reflux esophagitis ranges from 5% to 12% of cases therefore, the influence of this pathology on the formation of inflammation/hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsils was not considered in our work.