Evolution of Russia's image in the programs of the German bundestag parties in 2013-2021

The article analyzes the changes, which occurred in the perception of Russia by the largest German parties in 2013-2021. Consequently, the programs of CDU/CSU, SPD, Alliance 90 / the Greens, FDP, «Alternative for Germany» and the Left Party, prepared for participation in the Bundestag (2013, 2017, 2021) and the European Parliament (2014, 2019) elections, are being analyzed. The author identifies the main strategies and ideas of the parties concerning Russia and their evolution during the aforementioned period. Based on the detected trends and the current position of the parties in Germany, the author draws a conclusion about the prospects for the development of German policy towards Russia.