Science, Education and Innovations in the Context of Modern Problems

Role of Crystalline Silica (SiO2) in Assessing the Fame and Quality of Quarries and Work Hazards in Roman Times

Haithem Bouazza, Khaled Kelouaz, Ali Bouazza, Leila Bouazza

Статья

This study aims to shed light on the occupational diseases that affected quarry workers during the Roman period, particularly silicosis caused by inhaling crystalline silica dust. While physical injuries like fractures were common, the focus here is on respiratory diseases previously overlooked. The study introduces a new methodology to assess the impact of Roman quarries on workers' health, and the quality and uses of the extracted stones. It involves petrographic examination, XRD (X-ray Diffraction), and XRF (X-ray Fluorescence) analysis to measure the content of various types of crystalline silica in ancient quarries. The study analyzes archaeological evidence and skeletal remains from sites like Pompeii and Herculaneum and reviews ancient historians like Pliny the Elder and Strabo. This research offers a deeper understanding of the health risks associated with harsh working conditions in Roman quarries, particularly focusing on the prevalence of silicosis among workers.

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On the sociology of education, management and analysis of the principles of orientation of education in the aspect of socialization of the individual

Rahil Najafov

Статья научная

It can be said that the term education has a history as old as humanity itself, because education aims to transfer culture from generation to generation in society and prepare for it. According to some researchers and sociologists, the education system of a society continues uninterruptedly, and its impact cannot be compared with anything. Within many societies and organizations, basic and primary education has become the main object of research. The sociology of education is approached from a sociological perspective, the education system is taken as an important social system, in which case attention is paid to its relationship with society and its various elements. It makes no sense to give examples of the importance of education for the country. However, these examples can be the basis for observing what kind of product is created within the system of these elements. The product of the education system is human resources, in which case they work in professions such as workers, employers, teachers, engineers, pilots, managers, security guards, lawyers, presidents, and so on. If the education system is not suitable for the implementation of this activity, then how can it be possible to talk about it? In other words, in this case, investments are wasted. The efforts made on behalf of responsible administrators and organizations are also in vain. The effects of this are felt throughout the country. The functioning of the lifesupport system is put at risk. In order to sustain their existence and ensure their future lifestyles, and establish their national security, many countries are planning the future development prospects of their education systems, striving for development on a regional scale, transforming them through innovation, structural restructuring, and reconstruction, and establishing their primary education systems in line with current requirements. If this does not happen, if education is not considered the primary concern of high-ranking state officials, then the future of the country remains in question

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