On the anthropology of the population of the Eneolithic - early bronze age (on materials of burial grounds of the Volgograd region)

This article is devoted to the results of anthropological studies of craniological materials which were found in the burial complexes of the Eneolithic and the Early Bronze age in the Volgograd region. The number of discovered skulls is twenty six, two of them belong to the Eneolithic, four male and two female skulls pertain to the early period of the Yamna culture and the others belong to the late period of the Yamna culture. Except for the new materials, seven skulls were published by B.V. Fershteyn and V.V. Ginzburg. A.V. Kiyashko obtained them after the preliminary check of cultural and chronological origins. The results of the craniological research showed that the found artifacts are not homogenous but the massive dolicho-mesocraniological type prevails in the series of both early and late stages. The author gives their morphological characteristics and describes their connection with the craniological complexes of Eneolithic-bronze period of Eastern Europe. This connection is indicated by Eneolithic Khvalynsk culture and the Yamna culture of the early Bronze Age.