On the History of Russian Rhetoric and Eloquence Development as Sociocultural Phenomenon

This article examines the development of rhetoric and eloquence in Rus from the periods of Byzantine influence to the formation of unique Russian traditions. The main focus is on the evolution of rhetorical thought and practice, starting from the absence of textbooks until the 17th century and culminating with the introduction of the first rhetorical works during the era of Peter the Great. The impact of religious, educational, and political changes on the development of rhetoric is noted. Special emphasis is placed on the role of M.V. Lomonosov in the establishment of scientific rhetoric in Russia. Examples of the interaction between rhetoric and eloquence are provided, highlighting their significance in shaping cultural identity and educational standards. The article illustrates how rhetoric adapted to and reflected socio-cultural transformations, influencing public consciousness and cultural development in Rus. The problem of the research is expressed in the need to analyze the influence of the religious and symbolic worldview on the formation and development of Russian rhetoric and eloquence since the 11th century in the context of socio-cultural transformations. This includes the study of the mechanisms of adaptation of rhetorical genres to Christian ideology using the example of works such as Metropolitan Hilarion’s “The Word of Law and Grace”, “The Life of Boris and Gleb”, “The Tale of Bygone Years” and “The Word of a Certain Lover of Christ and Zealot for the Right Faith”.