The categories “needs” and “utility” in economic theory

The article presents the author’s interpretation of the essential side of needs as a key economic category. Focusing on the consistent theory of A. Maslow, the author makes an attempt to resolve some contradictions expressed by critics of the pyramid in connection with its hierarchical nature. It is proposed to distinguish the degree of satisfaction within each category. It is proposed to evaluate this degree through the angle of inclination of the “Opportunities-Satisfaction of needs” curve.