An approach to farming and cattle breeding practices emerged in the Tyndall community: an overview back to the past

The paper written by the author considered the economic performance of one of the communities of Dagestan, -the Tindal people. The survey examined advancement of farming in the local community. In particular, harvesting practiced by the Tindin people, their instruments of labour, natural environment’ specifics, etc. One of the lines that the paper observed was advancement of cattle breeding by local peasants. The paper presented the huge bulk of field data and a significant selection of historical sources. The author did due diligence to examination of the ter-race-land cultivation by the Tindal people, which was the core occupation for all highlander inhabitants of Dagestan. The Tindal people grow mainly barley, wheat, rye, oat, millet, beans; since the XIX century the local inhabitants have introduced corn and potatoes. The Tindal people paid a specific attention to the gardening. Basically, the Tindal cultivated apples, apricots, pears, plums, nuts, etc., The gardening, although having not taken a key position in the economic life of the Tindal people, had been of enormous significance for the overall business operations of the highlanders. The Tindal people mostly used to cultivate land manually. They used the following instruments of labour: mattock, plough, wooden plough with an iron ploughshare (bezzi), entirely wooden plough (Rukia).