On the issue of flocks of tits in the winter and spring period in the vicinity of Penza

Tits are the most observed birds in the winter and spring period. 4 species of tits (great tit, Eurasian blue tit, willow tit, and long-tailed tit) and 5 satellite species (Eurasian nuthatch, Eurasian treecreeper, bullfinch, great and lesser spotted woodpeckers) were observed in the southeastern suburbs of Penza, during the winter and spring period. Their movements at this time are confined to hardwoods.