To the question of justifying environmental and rehabilitation technologies for agricultural nature management in Kalmykia

The article presents an analysis of the dynamics and trends in the development of land degradation processes in the Republic of Kalmykia. There have been given analytical data on land use and environmental safety risks. Particular attention is paid to the zone of ecological catastrophe, namely the Black lands. There have been determined some destructive factors that have a negative impact on the state of land resources, the degree of anthropogenic impact on agricultural lands in the region under consideration. The reasons for the occurrence of destructive processes and the reduction of productive land have been studied. The empirical basis of research covers the data of state statistics, materials of soil and geobotanical surveys, expert assessments, etc. The analysis of the development of land degradation processes in the Republic made it possible to conclude that it is necessary to use rational nature management and apply environmental rehabilitation technologies in order to neutralize destructive processes when using land resources in the Republic of Kalmykia. There has been given data on the use of arable and fodder lands. Sown areas of Kalmykia turned out to decrease from 726,6 thousand hectares in 1990 to 297,8 thousand hectares in 2020, and account for about 36,0%. It is suggested that it is possible to use environmental rehabilitation technologies to prevent the development of destructive processes when using agricultural land. There has been substantiated the need for comprehensive measures for the rational use of the natural resources of the region and the use of environmental rehabilitation technologies, including agrotechnical, hydrotechnical and biological technologies for restoring the lost properties of land resources. The classification of ecological and rehabilitation technologies is presented. There have been discussed in more detail the main directions for the rehabilitation of agricultural lands in Kalmykia, in particular, the stabilization of the agricultural landscape and resourcesaving technologies. There has been substantiated the necessity of using mechanized environmental rehabilitation technologies and technical means for the restoration of degraded soils in Kalmykia, providing an increase in soil fertility and in the amount of arable lands.