Developing a milking machine of squeezing-type

The article shows the shortcomings of serial suction milking machines currently used in dairy farming in our country and abroad in terms of possible damage of the animal's mammary gland with high vacuum, reduced mechanical impact of the executive organs on the nipple receptors and a significant reduction in the productive life of cows. There has been proposed a way to improve milking cups in relation to the wellknown threestroke milking machine «Volga» with its transfer to the mode of milk extraction by squeezing milk from the teats with a reduced vacuum under them. The process of operation of such an executive body of the milking machine is described. A cyclogram of pressure in the chambers of the bellows installed in it, controlling the mechanism of compression of the teat during milk extraction, is presented. There has been conducted an analysis of the pneumatic drive of the bellows in milking cups based on the use of increased vacuum against the background of its reduction in the underteat chambers of the proposed executive bodies to the level acting, for example, in the sucking apparatus of a calf. The practical equality of the ambient and air temperatures in the sections of the milking cup bellows is noted. This allows for isothermal air flow processes in the pneumatic ducts of the apparatus, which served as the basis for obtaining analytical dependencies for determining the duration of individual sections of these processes and the strokes of filling the teat with milk and squeezing it out of the teat cistern. The obtained dependencies can contribute to further design improvement of milking equipment based on the use of the milk squeezing mode from the udder teats, and ensure a decrease in possible mastitis diseases of machine origin and the appearance of an additional source of mechanical milking irritations.