Quality of surface and ground waters in settlements located at the south-western coast of lake Baikal

The article presents the results of investigation, aimed at determination of the qualitative state of surface and ground waters in Listvyanka, Maloye and Bolshoye Goloustnoye settlements. Increasing anthropogenic load on landscapes, surface and ground waters requires constant monitoring of the ecological state of Lake Baikal coastal areas. The origin and development of this settlements has different historical roots, as a result, the quality of water resources consumed varies greatly. It is established that watercourses in Listvyanka experience an anthropogenic load of varying intensity. The hydrochemical characteristics of waters of Goloustnoye and Uruntin rivers correspond to the results of long-term observations. It is found that the less the recreational area is used (small number of tourist centers, guest houses, hotels), the closer the hydrochemical indicators of ground water to natural values. We have revealed that ground waters of Bolshoe and Maloye Goloustnoye differ markedly in total mineralization and content of the main ions. Well water of Maloye Goloustnoye does not meet sanitary standards and pose a hazard to the population. Sanitary and hygienic assessment of the bacteriological indicators of ground water in Bolshoye Goloustnoye has showed that it is safety for drinking purposes.