Wine quality from grapes grown with different agricultural technologies

The objective of the study is to identify the feeding area and shoot load of plantings to obtain a high yield of grapes with conditions that allow the production of high-quality wine. The All-Russian Research Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking in 2020-2023 conducted research to optimize agrotechnical methods of cultivating grapes to produce high-quality wine from them. The object of the study is black-berry technical grapes of the Cabernet Severny variety of interspecific origin. High productivity of grapes was obtained as a result of using different feeding areas with a small cup-shaped bush and shoot load of plants with a high-trunk formation of a two-sided horizontal cordon. To produce competitive wine, it is necessary to achieve an optimal combination of high yield and grape quality. As a result of research, on average over four years, variants with a plant nutrition area of 3 × 0.5 and 3.0 × 1.0 m with high yields of 19.3 and 19.9 t/ha were identified, with good quality indicators of berry juice: sugars accumulated 20.3 and 20.0 g/100 cm3 with a concentration of titratable acids of 8.5 g/dm3. Wine made from grapes of these varieties received the same high tasting score - 8.5 points. In a study to determine the effect of plant load, the varieties with 40; 45 and 50 shoots were distinguished by high and approximately equal yields - 16.3; 16.6 and 16.6 t/ha, respectively. The quality of the grapes was best in the varieties with 30; 35 and 40 shoots - the sugar concentration was 22.1; 22.3 and 21.8 g/100 cm3 with titratable acidity of 8.0; 8.1 and 8.0 g/dm3, respectively. On average, over four years, wine from grapes of the 30-shoot variety received the highest score for organoleptic properties - 8.63 points. The best combination of grape yield and wine quality was noted in the variant with a load of 40 shoots per bush.