Calquing in the texts of contemporary Russian-speaking American writers as a result of cultural interaction

Statement of the problem. Transcultural literature, which has emerged at the present stage as a result of the growth of linguistic and cultural interaction between countries, includes literary works, in which authors, as a rule, write in a non-native language, using several languages or combining elements of different languages. This approach emphasizes the fluidity and interaction of languages, reflects the diverse linguistic experience of writers, especially in the contexts marked by migration and cultural exchange. The analysis of the texts by contemporary translingual authors Anya Ulinich, Ellen Litman, Sana Krasikov, written in English during the period of emigration, reveals the influence of the Russian language and Russian culture, one of the manifestations of which in linguistic terms is the use of calques, direct translations of set phrases from the native language into English. The purpose of this study is to consider the use of Russian-language calques in the English-language works of emigrant writers A. Ulinich, E. Litman, S. Krasikov and to analyze their use from the point of interaction of languages and socio-cultural space. Methodology and methods. The work used such methods as the comparative method, the descriptive method in studying the functioning of linguistic units, the contextual-semantic and contextual-stylistic methods. Review of scientific literature on the problem. The issues of linguistic interaction and transcultural creativity of modern writers are widely covered in philological studies nowadays. However, the texts of modern Russian-American writers A. Ulinich, E. Litman, S. Krasikov are insufficiently studied in terms of their linguistic features. Research results. The analysis of texts by A. Ulinich, E. Litman, and S. Krasikov reveals a significant influence of Russian cultural context, which is manifested in the use of borrowed language units and, in particular, in the use of calqued translations from the native language. Calqued expressions in the texts of emigrant writers perform a variety of functions, show the authors' experiments with words, reflect individual style and help the authors to express their own identity and experience, convey a multicultural context and cultural differences.