Kazakhstan during the great Russian revolution of 1917

Introduction. In this article, relying on new scientific research, the task is to analyze revolutionary changes in the territory of Kazakhstan at the beginning of the XX century, in the center of which was the young Kazakh intelligentsia. The author was also based when writing an article on archival documents from the funds of the Central Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Methods. The study is based on the analysis of archival documents and the latest works on the activities of the Kazakh democratic intelligentsia, using specific historical, comparative methods, analysis methods, synthesis and generalization. The main part of the article with results and discussion of historical facts is logically divided into three parts according to the chronological principle: social and political life in Kazakhstan during the first Russian revolution, then an analysis of the activity of the Kazakh intelligentsia in the period of reaction and a new revolutionary upsurge is analyzed, and further analyzed is the democratic movement of the Kazakh intelligentsia during the revolutions of 1917. The results of the research showed that the origins of all important historical events in Kazakhstan at the beginning of the XX century originate in the years of the first Russian revolution. February revolution of 1917 became the catalyst of public and political activity of national intelligentsia of Kazakhstan. The subsequent October Revolution became the peak in the development and formation of the democratic movement of the Kazakh intelligentsia, the political formation of the party and the Alash movement, which after the October Revolution of 1917 proclaimed the autonomy of Alash at the Second All-Kazak Congress. The main conclusion is that in 1917 the democratic movement of the Kazakh intelligentsia reached the highest point of its development, proclaiming for the first time in the history of Kazakhstan the Alash autonomy.