Chiral Metamaterial Absorbers of the Terahertz Range

The absorption effect in chiral metamaterials is associated with their unique electromagnetic properties, which are determined by the mirror asymmetry of their microstructure. These materials exhibit unusual interactions with optical waves, including controlled absorption, cross-polarization, and frequency selectivity. Promising directions include the development of chiral metamirrors for the terahertz range, aimed at creating absorbing coatings and metamaterial absorbers. In chiral metamaterials, an incident linearly polarized wave is partially converted into a cross-polarized component. This interaction increases energy losses due to dissipation within the material, thereby enhancing absorption. Additionally, elements of chiral metamaterials (such as helices or asymmetric resonators) create localized plasmonic resonances, which amplify absorption in specific frequency ranges. This article provides a review of existing chiral metamaterials and their absorption properties. It also presents research results on the creation of metasurfaces for terahertz-range systems using lithography methods.