Classification and reasons of cell damage

In the foundation of human’s and animals’ health safety a very important role is played by the researching of nature, reasons and consequences of cell damage. The importance of cell damage in the further influence on pathological process development is determined. This article describes in detail the essence and nature of the process of cell damage based on the research and studied literature. Typical and non-specific changes on the cellular level are analyzed. The mechanisms of eliminating cell damage, such as the activation of protective compensatory cellular mechanisms, are considered. Primary and secondary levels of cell damage are mentioned. Two possible options for considering this process are described: as a cause and a consequence of the pathological process development. The main classifications of injuries are presented: according to the degree of violation of intracellular homeostasis, by origin, by the pathological mechanisms and others. Clinical cases of each cell damage type are given. Two main types of cell damage emergence are described: endogenous and exogenous ones. Different points of view of scientists regarding this question are considered. The possibilities of the considering the cell damage in terms of harm and benefits for organism were defined. The possible consequences of these pathological processes such as the disruption of cardiovascular system, digestive system and others are described. It was found out that the doctor needed to analyze and pay attention to all the types of deviations and remember that timely diagnosis could stop the development of the pathology.